Month: February 2021

Cancer is a disease that commences when cells grow out of control and suppress normal cells. This can cause difficulty for the body to function the way it normally would. Cancer can develop anywhere in the body but for males over 65, the prostate  is a vulnerable spot. Prostate cancer is the second (2nd) leading cause of cancer deaths in the US for men behind skin cancer. Therefore, it is a good idea to know about prostate cancer: the facts.

After you have read the article, feel free to take the prostate cancer quiz at the end to test your knowledge.

What is Prostate Cancer?

The prostate is a small gland about the size of a walnut found in a man’s lower abdomen. It is positioned under the bladder and surrounds the urethra. The prostate is controlled by the hormone testosterone and formulates seminal fluid, otherwise known as semen. Semen is the matter containing sperm that departs through the urethra during ejaculation. For more information on the prostate, please read the article, All About the Prostate on this website.

When an abnormal malignant growth of cells known as a tumor forms in the prostate, it is identified as prostate cancer. This cancer can metastasize (spread) to other parts of the body. In cases such as these, it is still termed prostate cancer because the cancer is made of cells from the prostate.

What is the Main Cause of Prostate Cancer?

There is no established basis for prostate cancer. As with all cancers, it could be triggered by many things, including family history or contact with certain chemicals.

Whatever the contributing factor may be, it directs to cell mutations and uncontrolled cell growth in the prostate.

Types of Prostate Cancer

Most cases of prostate cancer are a sort of cancer called adenocarcinoma. This is cancer that develops in the tissue of a gland, like the prostate gland.

Prostate cancer is additionally classified by how fast it grows. It has two types of growths: non-agressive, or slow-growing, or else aggressive, or fast-growing

With non-agressive prostate cancer, the tumor either does not grow or grows sparsely over time. With aggressive prostate cancer, the tumor grows rapidly and may travel to other areas of the body, like the bones for example.

Who is at Risk for Prostate Cancer?

Prostate cancer can occur in any male. However, certain factors raise the risk for the disease. These factors include:

• family history of prostate cancer
• certain ethnicities or race — for example, African American men are at a greater risk of having prostate cancer
• genetic changes
• obesity
• older age

Where an individual lives can additionally play a role in the risk for prostate cancer. For example, living in an industrial area may expose him to environmental chemicals that can cause prostate and other cancers as well.

Going back to age, it is a major risk contributor to prostate cancer. The disease takes place most often in men over the age of 65. It happens in about 1 in 14 men ranging in ages of 60 and 69.

Symptoms of Prostate Cancer

Some forms of prostate cancer are non-agressive, so there may not be any symptoms. On the other hand, aggressive and advanced prostate cancer frequently causes symptoms.

If an individual has any of the signs or symptoms that follow, he should not hesitate to call his health professional. Some of the symptoms can be produced by other conditions, so an examination is needed to make sure the correct diagnosis is made and treatment can be received.

Symptoms of prostate cancer can include pain and numbness, urinary problems, and sexual problems.

Urinary problems – Urinary problems are a usual symptom since the

prostate is located beneath the bladder, and it surrounds the urethra (the tube where urine travels). Given this location, should a tumor grows on the prostate, it can press on the bladder or urethra and cause problems.

Urinary problems can include:

• a urine stream that is slower than normal
• bleeding while urinating (hematuria)
• the frequent need to urinate

Sexual problems – Erectile dysfunction can be a symptom of prostate cancer. Also known as impotence, this condition makes an individual unable to get and keep an erection. For more detailed information on erectile dysfunction, please read the article, “facts about erectile dysfunction” on this website.

Blood in the semen after ejaculation may additionally be a symptom of prostate cancer.

While any one of the above symptoms can be the first indication of having prostate cancer, urinary symptoms are more likely than the other symptoms to appear in the early stages.

It is important to keep in mind that most of these symptoms can also be a trigger for other conditions that are not cancer. These conditions consist of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and prostatitis.

Therefore, while it is crucial to monitor any symptoms an individual may have, remember that there is a good chance they are not initiated by cancer.

However, it is important to note that neither of these conditions causes blood to appear in the urine. If an individual has this symptom, it is imperative for him to notify his doctor right away. While blood in the urine may be triggered by something other than cancer, it is a good idea to have it diagnosed promptly.

Frequent pain – Once prostate cancer commences spreading, it will cause pain in and around the area of the prostate gland. Men with the disease can in addition encounter pain in these other areas:

• upper thighs
• pelvis
• lower back
• hips

Pain is additionally likely to occur in multiple areas. For example, an individual might experience painful urination in combination with pelvic pain. Any continuing, or recurring, pain should be assessed by a health care professional to rule out serious health issues.

Diagnosis and Screening for Prostate Cancer

Screening for prostate cancer usually depends upon an individual’s personal preferences. The primary reason for this is the majority of prostate cancers progress slowly and do not cause any health problems, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).

It is also for the reason that the results from the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test, which can be part of the screening, may direct to a misdiagnosis of cancer. For these reasons, screening can cause needless worry and unnecessary treatment.

The PSA blood test checks the amount of prostate-specific antigen that is contained in the blood. If the levels are elevated, this could be an indication of prostate cancer.

However, there are numerous reasons why an individual could have an elevated amount of PSA in his blood, therefore the test results could lead to a misdiagnosis and unnecessary treatment.

However, the PSA test is still suitable in specific cases, for example for men at high risk of prostate cancer. In addition, if an individual already has a confirmed case of prostate cancer, this test remains approved for cancer staging or grading.

Screening recommendations

The American Cancer Society does have screening recommendations for men as they age. They recommend that during an annual exam, physicians communicate to men of specific ages concerning the pros and cons of screening for prostate cancer. These conversations are recommended for the following ages:

• Age 40: For men at very high risk, for example, those with more than one first-degree relative. Such as a father, brother, or son, who had prostate cancer at an age under 65.
• Age 45: For men at high risk, like African American men and men with a first-degree relative that was diagnosed at an age under 65.
• Age 50: For men who are at average risk of prostate cancer, are expected to live at least 10 more years.

The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) currently recommends that men aged 55 to 69 determine for themselves whether or not to undergo a prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test, after consulting with their physician.

The USPSTF concludes that the potential benefits of PSA-based screening for men aged 70 and above do not outweigh the expected harms.

Diagnostic Tools

If an individual and his physician decide that screening for prostate cancer is a wise choice, the doctor will most likely perform a physical exam and discuss his health history. They will additionally perform one or more tests, which might include:

• Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test:
  This is a blood test that detects the levels of PSA, a protein formed by the prostate.
• Digital rectal exam (DRE):
  With this exam, the physician inserts a gloved finger into the rectum to inspect the prostate. They can then feel if there are any hard lumps on the prostate gland that may be tumors.
• Prostate biopsy: a physician may order a biopsy to help confirm a prostate cancer diagnosis. With a biopsy, a healthcare provider takes away a small piece of the prostate gland for examination to inspect for cancer cells.
• Other tests: the doctor may in addition do an MRI scan, CT scan, or bone scan. The physician will discuss the results of these tests with the patient and make recommendations for any next additional steps that may be needed.

• Gleason scale – If an individual has had a prostate biopsy, he will receive a Gleason score. Pathologists use this score to categorize the grade of prostate cancer cells. The grade determines how much the abnormal cells look like cancer, and how vigorous their growth seems to be.

A Gleason score lower than six means the cells do not show signs of cancer, so the risk is low. If the score is seven or more, the doctor will most likely look at the score and the PSA level to assess the cells.

For example, a Gleason score of 7, with a PSA level between 10 to 20 ng/mL, indicates that cancer cells have been recognized although the cancer is most likely non-aggressive, with slow-growing cells.

A Gleason score of 8 or more, with PSA levels higher than 20 ng/mL, points to a more advanced tumor. That means the risk of an aggressive cancer is higher. Learn additional information about how a Gleason score is calculated and what the score means.

Treatments for Prostate Cancer

An individual’s physician will cultivate a suitable treatment plan for his cancer based on the age, health status, and the stage of the cancer.

If the cancer is non-agressive, the physician may advise watchful waiting, which is also called active surveillance. This means that treatment is delayed but regular checkups with the doctor to monitor the cancer.

More aggressive kinds of cancer may be treated with different options, like:

• chemotherapy
• cryotherapy
• hormone therapy
• radiation
• stereotactic radiosurgery
• surgery

• immunotherapy

If the cancer is very forceful and has metastasized (spread), there is a good chance it has spread to the bones. For bone metastases, the above-mentioned treatments may be used, others may be used additionally. Get more information about treatments and outlook for bone metastases.

Preventing Prostate Cancer

There are sure risk factors for prostate cancer, like age, that cannot be controlled. However, there are some the can be controlled. They are basically the same for preventing disease in general.

For instance, quitting smoking can reduce the risk of prostate cancer, as studies have shown that smoking increases the risk. Diet and exercise are additional important factors that can impact the risk of prostate cancer.

Diet

A selection of foods may assist in reducing the risk of prostate cancer, including:

• cruciferous green vegetables such as cabbage, broccoli, Brussels sprouts, cauliflower, collard greens, arugula, bok choy, and kale.
• fish
• cooking oils that comprise omega-3 fatty acids, for example, olive oil
• soy
• tomatoes

The data additionally suggest that selected foods may increase the risk of prostate cancer, such as:

• milk and dairy products
• saturated fat, which is universally found in animal products
• red meat
• grilled meat

Exercise

Exercise will likely help reduce the risk of increasing to advanced prostate cancer, and of dying of prostate cancer.

Exercise can also assist in losing weight. This is crucial because research has revealed obesity to be a risk factor for prostate cancer. With the doctor’s approval, individuals should aim for 30 minutes of exercise most days of the week.

Prostate cancer is a danger for all men as they age, however, if caught and treated early, the result is generally very good. Therefore, as one gets older, it is wise to have an open conversation with their doctor about the risk.

Now that you’ve been filled in on prostate cancer, take the quiz by clicking here.

Questions, comments, and, concerns are welcomed below.

Good health!!

Anti-inflammatory drugs are the most popular drugs for treating pain. How Popular? Thirty (30) million individuals either take them daily by prescription or purchased directly over the counter. But what do we really know about these popular drugs? If we aren’t careful, they can do as much or harm as good.

What are Anti-inflammatory Drugs?

Anti-inflammatory is the component of a material or treatment that reduces inflammation or swelling. Approximately half of analgesics (painkillers) are anti-inflammatory drugs, remedying pain by reducing inflammation. They work differently from opioids that affect the central nervous system by blocking pain signals to the brain.

There are two classifications of anti-inflammatory drugs: steroidal and non-steroidal (NSAID).

Steroidal Anti-inflammatory Meds

Steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, known as Corticosteroids, are commonly referred to as steroids. They are a type of hormone and are usually used to manage rheumatologic (autoimmune) diseases, like rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, or vasculitis (inflammation of the blood vessels). The more common drugs include cortisone, methylprednisolone, and prednisone.

They additionally decrease immune system activity.

Steroids are a man-made version of chemicals that are normally made naturally in the human body known as hormones. They are designed to perform the same as hormones to reduce inflammation. They are different from anabolic steroids that are used by bodybuilders and athletes.

Since these drugs alleviate itching, redness, swelling, and allergic reactions, physicians frequently prescribe them to assist in the treatment of diseases such as allergies, arthritis, asthma, and lupus.

Corticosteroids resemble cortisol, which is a natural hormone that is formed by the body’s adrenal glands. The body requires cortisol to remain healthy. Cortisol is the main participant in a wide range of functions in the body that includes stress, immune response, and metabolism.

Side effects – As with all medications, some individuals will have some. These are most likely to occur if an individual is consuming a high dosage or has been on steroids for a long period.

Some side effects of steroids are below:

Tablets, liquids, and soluble tablets

• easy bruising
• mood swings
• problems sleeping
• pains in the stomach, heartburn, or indigestion
• Stretch marks.
• thinning of the skin
• increased appetite and weight gain

Gels and creams

• changes in skin color
• increased hair growth at the application site.
• stinging or burning where the cream has been placed
• stretch marks
• reduction of the skin layer

Eye drops and ointments

• stinging or burning in the eyes after inserting the drops
• a strange taste in the mouth after placing the drops in the eyes

Treatment with steroids may cause mood changes. An individual may experience highs or extreme lows. This may be more frequent in individuals with a history of mood disorders.

Taking steroid tablets for an extended period of time can make an individual more susceptible to get infections. If one feels feverish or under the weather, or develops any new symptoms after consuming steroids, it is crucial for them to tell their physician.

Individuals that develop shingles, measles, or chickenpox, come into contact with another individual who has any of these illnesses should see a physician right away. At times, these diseases can be severe in people who are taking steroids and may need additional care.

Steroids taken over an extended period of time can additionally cause muscles to become weaker.

Generally, steroid creams and eye drops do not typically cause serious side effects, but if taken for a long time or at a high strength, the ingredients can be absorbed into the blood and increase the risk of side effects that usually occur only with steroid tablets.

Additionally, Steroids can occasionally affect high blood pressure, epilepsy or, diabetes, so it is important to have blood pressure and blood sugar levels

checked occasionally and the physician may need to change the dosage of the steroid if needed. Steroids may occasionally cause diabetes or raised blood sugar even in individuals who have not had this condition formerly.

Steroids can also affect the eyes possibly by causing glaucoma to get worse or producing cataracts. They can also cause a serious problem with the eyes, which occurs when fluid collects in a part of the eye. If any changes are noticed in eyesight, such as vision becoming blurry, a physician should know as soon as possible.

Occasionally, steroids can be the cause another condition known as Cushing’s syndrome. This is what can cause the thinning of the skin, stretch marks, and also the face to become more round. However, it usually vanishes once the steroids are stopped.

In children and teenagers, steroids can on occasion cause growth to slow down, so it is best to have their height checked regularly. If growth is slowed, they may be referred to a specialist for advice and treatment.

The good news is side effects can be managed. Because steroids can cause weight gain and or have an increased appetite, an individual needs to keep an eye on their weight while taking them. Making sensible food choices and including some physical activity in the daily routine should help avoid weight gain.

Steroids can weaken bones, and this can lead to a condition known as osteoporosis. This is a condition that makes it more likely to fracture the bones, sometimes even after very minor falls or bumps.

A doctor may advise an individual to take calcium and vitamin D supplements or drugs called bisphosphonates, included with the steroids to help avoid this condition. Regular exercise, especially ones that involve the bones carrying the weight of the body, like walking, can additionally aid in reducing the risk of contracting osteoporosis.

Individuals should additionally make certain to get enough calcium in their diet, and avoid smoking and consuming excessive alcohol.

Non-Steroidal (NSAID) Anti-inflammatory Meds

NSAIDs can be very effective. They also lower inflammation, tend to work quickly, and generally have fewer side effects than corticosteroids.

NSAIDs work by blocking prostaglandins, which are substances that sensitize nerve endings and intensify pain during inflammation. Prostaglandins additionally play a role in controlling body temperature.

By inhibiting the effects of prostaglandins, NSAIDs help relieve pain and bring down the fever. Actually, NSAIDs can be useful in reducing many types of discomfort, including:

• backache
• headache
• inflammation and stiffness triggered by arthritis
  and additional inflammatory conditions
• menstrual aches and pains
• muscle aches
• pain after a minor surgery
• sprains or other injuries

NSAIDs are particularly important for addressing the symptoms of arthritis, such as joint pain, inflammation, and stiffness. NSAIDs tend to be inexpensive and easily accessible as many are available over the counter, so they are often the first medications prescribed to individuals with arthritis.

However, the prescription drug celecoxib (Celebrex) is frequently prescribed for the long-term addressing of arthritis symptoms. This is due to it being easier on the stomach than other NSAIDs.

There are two types of NSAIDs. NSAIDs prevent the enzyme cyclooxygenase (COX) from producing prostaglandins. The body produces two types of COX: COX-1 and COX-2.

COX-1 protects the stomach lining, whereas COX-2 causes inflammation. Most NSAIDs are nonspecific, which means indicate that they block both COX-1 and COX-2.

Nonspecific NSAIDs that are obtainable over the counter in the US include:

• naproxen (Aleve, Naprosyn)
• ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin, Midol)
• high-dose aspirin

Note: Low-dose aspirin is not typically categorized as an NSAID.

Nonspecific NSAIDs that are obtainable with a prescription in the US include:

• sulindac
• piroxicam (Feldene)
• oxaprozin (Daypro)
• nabumetone
• meloxicam (Vivlodex, Mobic)
• mefenamic acid (Ponstel)
• ketoprofen
• indomethacin (Tivorbex)
• flurbiprofen
• famotidine/ibuprofen (Duexis)
• etodolac
• diflunisal
• diclofenac (Zorvolex)

Selective COX-2 inhibitors are NSAIDs that obstruct more COX-2 than COX-1. Celecoxib (Celebrex) is presently the sole selective COX-2 inhibitor obtainable by prescription in the US.

Even though some NSAIDs can be purchased over the counter without a

prescription doesn’t mean they are harmless. There are potential side effects and risks, with the most common being gas, diarrhea, and upset stomach.

NSAIDs are recommended for occasional and short-term use. The risk for side effects increases the longer they are used.

It is wise to always consult with a healthcare provider before using NSAIDs, and they should not be mixed with a variety of NSAIDs at the same time.

The Stomach Issues

NSAIDs block COX-1, which aids with the protection of the stomach lining. Consequently, consuming NSAIDs can contribute to minor gastrointestinal problems, including:

• constipation
• diarrhea
• gas
• heartburn
• nausea and vomiting
• upset stomach

In more advanced cases, taking NSAIDs can irritate the stomach lining enough to cause an ulcer. Occasionally, ulcers may yet advance to internal bleeding.

If an individual should experience any of the following symptoms, they stop using the NSAID immediately and call their healthcare professional:

• severe abdominal pain
• black or tarry stool
• blood in the stool

The danger of developing stomach issues is higher for individuals who:

• have a history of stomach ulcers
• take blood thinners or corticosteroids
• are over the age of 65
• take NSAIDs frequently

Individuals can decrease the likelihood of increasing stomach issues by consuming NSAIDs with food, milk, or an antacid.

If an individual develops gastrointestinal issues, their healthcare professional may encourage them to change to a selective COX-2 inhibitor such as celecoxib (Celebrex). They are least likely to trigger stomach irritation than nonspecific NSAIDs.

Questions, comments, and concerns are welcomed below

Good health!!

We have all heard about arthritis. But, do we know the facts on arthritis? This article will help you to know them.

What is Arthritis?

Arthritis (also known as joint inflammation) is inflammation in one or more joints that causes pain and stiffness. It is a condition that can worsen with age. Actually, “arthritis” the word means, “inflamed joint.”

There are different types of arthritis and each one has different causes including underlying diseases, infections, and general wear and tear. With more than 100 varieties, arthritis is far from simple.

Symptoms usually include swelling, pain, stiffness and, reduced range of motion and Flare-ups can be unpredictable.

Arthritis is the foremost cause of disability in the US. Surveys have revealed that millions of individuals are limited in their ability to climb stairs, kneel, bend, walk, or participate in regular social activities such as visiting with family and friends or shopping and running errands. For those still employed, arthritis can make daily routines more and more challenging.

Common Types of Arthritis

There are quite a few types of arthritis. The ones that develop most often are found below.

Osteoarthritis – This is the most widespread category of arthritis. The ends of the bones are covered by a slippery, cushioning material known as cartilage. Cartilage acts as a shock absorber and allows the bones to slide smoothly against each other. However, with advancing age, injuries, or infections, the cartilage may begin to deteriorate. This leaves the bones unprotected and they start to grind or scrape against each other whenever movement takes place. Small holes and fractures commence to appear on the bone surface, and bony growths—called osteophytes or bone spurs—may start to appear. Occasionally, small bone fragments or bits of cartilage breaks off and intervene with the movement of the joint, resulting in more swelling and pain.

Ultimately, the fundamental bone, ligaments, blood vessels, nerves, and muscles as well become irritated and inflamed also.

Rheumatoid Arthritis – This is the second most prevalent type of arthritis. Rheumatoid arthritis affects numerous additional joints, including the hands, wrists, elbow, shoulders, and feet. In this kind of arthritis, an individual’s own immune system erroneously commences attacking the tissues in the joints—in particular, the synovium, which is a thin lining over the bones that helps keep the joints moving well. Additional body tissues may additionally be targeted, including muscles, blood vessels, heart, lungs, nerves, and skin. The majority of cases appear prior to the age of 60 but some appear after. Rheumatoid arthritis is often a life-long, progressive disease.

Gout – Gout is triggered by the build-up of uric acid crystals inside the joint where it produces severe throbbing pain, swelling, warmth, and redness.

Infectious Arthritis – This variety of arthritis comes about when an infection spreads into a joint.

Who Get Arthritis?

Roughly 50 million adults have been identified with some type of arthritis in the US, including rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, fibromyalgia, lupus, and gout. Moreover, about half of Americans above the age of 65 have been told that they have arthritis by their healthcare provider. However, it can commence developing at any age, especially after an injury such as to the knees and hips. Young adults with knee injuries have six (6) times the risk of experiencing osteoarthritis in that joint by age 65 years. Individuals with hip injuries are three (3) times more probable. Therefore, the significance of exercise at any age far overshadows the chance of injury.

Movement is beneficial. Continually active individuals are far better off than those who lead a sedentary lifestyle. This can be difficult when an individual is in pain, but it doesn’t have to intensive. For example, water exercise, a brief bike ride, or walking daily can be sufficient.

Women are somewhat more likely to receive a diagnosis of arthritis than men are, even though gout is more usual in men. Additionally, if an individual is overweight or obese, the chance of developing arthritis increases. The excess weight puts added pressure on joints and muscles.

It is important to note that Children get arthritis, too. As a matter of fact, almost 300,000 individuals in the US under the age of 18 suffer from rheumatoid arthritis, affecting girls more than affecting boys.

Treating Arthritis

Unfortunately, there isn’t a cure for arthritis, but early diagnosis and treatment are essential. The first step in treating arthritis is managing the

pain, followed by advancing strength through physical therapy and focusing on other lifestyle issues, such as healthy body weight and smoking termination. Surgery is another alternative, which is particularly effective for patients with hip and knee concerns.

Weather can be a factor. The climate can contribute to an individual’s pain. Actually, when the atmospheric pressure changes, arthritis can flare-up. That is when it is a good time to use ibuprofen (an anti-inflammatory), apply ice, and begin stretching for relief from the cold weather.

Both hot and cold can be used for relief. For aching joints, it helps out to apply a covered ice pack to reduce the primary inflammation, and then, after 48 hours, change to heat to open up the blood vessels for added relief.

Treating Arthritis Naturally

Doctors can prescribe medication for pain relief of arthritis, but they often recommend natural methods, also.

An individual must talk to their doctor before attempting any remedy for

arthritis, whether it involves medication or not. Below are some suggestions to consider.

Manage weight – weight can have an immense impact on arthritis symptoms. Extra weight puts more pressure on the joints, especially the knees, hips, and feet.

Guiding principles from the American College of Rheumatology and Arthritis Foundation (ACR/AF) strongly recommend losing weight if an individual has OA and overweight or obese.

A physician can help an individual set a target weight and design a program to help him or her reach that target.

*Reducing the stress on the joints by losing weight can help:

• decrease pain
• improve mobility
• prevent future damage to the joints

Get exercise – If an individual has arthritis, exercise can help manage weight, keep their joints flexible, strengthen muscles around their joints, which offers more support.

Current recommendations strongly advise starting a suitable exercise program. Exercising with a trainer or another individual may be particularly beneficial, as it increases enthusiasm.

Good options include low-impact exercises, such as:

• walking
• cycling
• tai chi
• water exercises
• swimming

Hot and cold therapy – As mentioned earlier, hot and cold treatments can help alleviate arthritis pain and inflammation.

• • Heat treatments can include taking an extended, warm shower or bath in the morning to help ease stiffness and utilizing an electric blanket or moist heating pad to lessen discomfort overnight.
  • Cold treatments
    can help relieve joint pain, swelling, and inflammation. This can be achieved by wrapping a gel ice pack or a bag of frozen vegetables in a towel and applying it to painful joints for quick relief. One should never apply ice straight to the skin.
    

• Capsaicin, an active component that comes from chili peppers, is an ingredient of some topical ointments and creams that can be bought over the counter. These products provide warmth that can relieve joint pain.

A Healthy diet – This is a universal component for any condition. A diet that is plentiful in fresh fruits, vegetables, and whole foods can help boost the immune system and overall health. There is some evidence that dietary choices can affect people with both RA (rheumatoid arthritis) and OA (osteoarthritis).

A plant-based diet supplies antioxidants, which can help decrease inflammation by eliminating free radicals from the body.

Conversely, a diet plentiful in processed foods, saturated fat, red meat, added sugar and salt may worsen inflammation, which is an element of arthritis. These foods can also contribute to other health conditions, including high cholesterol, high blood pressure, heart disease, obesity, and other complications, so neither are they beneficial for individuals with arthritis.

The current OA course of action guidelines does not recommend taking vitamin D or fish oil supplements as a treatment, but eating foods that contain these nutrients as part of a balanced diet may play a role in overall well-being.

Turmeric – Turmeric, the yellow spice frequently found in Indian meals, contains a chemical called curcumin. It has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Research
suggests it may help reduce arthritis pain and inflammation.

In an animal study that the National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health observed, scientists gave turmeric to rats. Results showed that it lessened inflammation in their joints.

More research is required to show how turmeric works, but the future for this spice is promising.

Herbal Supplements – Many herbal supplements may reduce joint pain, although scientific research has not confirmed that any specific herb or supplement can treat arthritis.

Some of these herbs include:

• Boswellia
• bromelain
• devil’s claw
• ginkgo
• stinging nettle
• thunder god vine

Although scientific research has not confirmed that any specific herb or supplement can treat arthritis, they can be a helpful aid, even alongside other treatments.

The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) does not observe herbs and supplements for excellence, integrity, or safety, so one cannot be sure exactly what a product contains. Therefore, it is best to purchase from a reliable source. I whole heartedly trust this company.

It is always wise to talk to a physician before trying a new supplement, as some can cause side effects and dangerous drug interactions.

Preventing Arthritis

Arthritis cannot always be prevented. Some circumstances, like advancing age, family history, and gender (many varieties of arthritis are more frequent in women), is out of an individual’s control.

There are more than 100 different types of arthritis. Each type advances differently, but all are painful and can progress to loss of function and deformity.

There are some healthy habits that can be practiced to reduce the risk of developing painful joints as age advances. Many of these practices such as exercising and eating a healthy diet prevent other diseases, also.

Consume Fish – Certain fish contain a plethora of omega-3 fatty acids, which is a healthy polyunsaturated fat. Omega-3s have many health benefits, and they can decrease inflammation in the body.

A study in Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases found that women who consume fish frequently might be at lower risk for rheumatoid arthritis. The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) advocates consuming fish high in omega-3s — like salmon, trout, mackerel, and sardines — twice a week. Wild-caught fish is usually suggested over farmed fish.

Foods to Avoid – A number of foods can make arthritis more severe by adding to joint inflammation, weight gain, or both. Foods to be avoided with arthritis are:

• Alcohol
• Dairy
• Fried or grilled foods
• Oils, such as corn, sunflower, safflower, peanut, and soy oils
• Red meat
• Refined carbohydrates such as biscuits, white bread, and pasta
• Salt
• Sugars including sucrose and fructose

Avoid injury – Over time, joints can commence wearing. However, when joints are injured— such as while playing sports or due to an accident —the cartilage can be damaged and lead it to wear out more rapidly.

In order to avoid injury, it is always wise to use the proper safety equipment while performing sports and observe the correct exercise techniques.

Protect the joints – Practicing the right techniques when sitting, working, and lifting can aid in protecting joints from every day strains. Such as, lift with the knees and hips — not the back when picking up objects.

Also, carry items close to the body as to not put too much strain on the wrists. If it is necessary to sit for long periods of time at work, it is wise to make sure that the back, legs, and arms are well supported.

Questions, comments, and concerns are fully welcomed below. You will receive a response.

Good health!!

mRNA technology is new on the scene, but not anonymous. It has been examined for more than a decade. However, it has ushered in a new approach to vaccines. So, what is mRNA technology? Let’s take a look.

What is mRNA?

Let’s start with RNA. RNA is an acronym for RiboNucleic Acid, which is a polymeric molecule that is vital in various biological roles in coding, decoding, regulation, and expression of genes. RNA and DNA are nucleic acids. Together with lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates, nucleic acids constitute one of the four major macromolecules essential for all known forms of life.

RNA is substantially different from DNA: DNA contains two intercoiled strands, but RNA only contains one single strand.

RNA additionally contains ribose as opposed to deoxyribose
found in DNA. The consequence of these differences is RNA being chemically more reactive than DNA. This causes it to be the more suitable molecule to take part in cell reactions. It is also the carrier of genetic information in certain viruses, in particular the retroviruses such as the HIV virus. This is the only exclusion to the general rule that DNA is the hereditary substance of the two.

mRNA is an acronym for Messenger RiboNucleic Acid and is a single-stranded RNA molecule that is complementary to one of the DNA strands of a gene. The mRNA is an RNA version of the gene that departs from the cell nucleus and travels
to the cytoplasm where proteins are produced. This is why it is called messenger RNA.

During protein synthesis (the process in which cells make proteins), an organelle (a subcellular structure that has one or more specific jobs to perform in the cell, much like an organ does in the body) called a ribosome travels along the mRNA, reads its base sequence, and uses the genetic code to translate each three-base triplet, or codon, into its corresponding amino acid.

mRNA is just one of the kinds of RNA that are found in the cell. This particular one, the mRNA, like most RNAs, is made in the nucleus and then exported to the cytoplasm where the translation machinery, the machinery that essentially produces proteins, attaches to these mRNA molecules and reads the code on the mRNA to make a particular protein. So in broad terms, one gene, the DNA for one gene, can be transcribed into an mRNA molecule that will end up making one specific protein.

What does mRNA do?

So, what does mRNA do? In a nutshell, mRNA generates instructions to make proteins that may treat and or prevent disease.

mRNA medicines aren’t small molecules, like conventional pharmaceuticals. Neither are they conventional biologics (recombinant proteins and monoclonal antibodies) – which were the origins of the biotech industry. mRNA medicines on the other hand are sets of instructions. Also, these instructions direct cells in the body to make proteins to prevent and or fight disease.

It is essentially simple human biology. DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is a double-stranded molecule that stores the genetic code (instructions) the body’s cells require to produce proteins. Proteins, conversely, are the ‘workhorses’ of the body. Nearly every task in the body – including normal and disease-related – is accomplished by one or many proteins.

However, mRNA is just as critical as DNA. Without mRNA, the genetic code would never get used by the body. Proteins would never be made. In addition, the body could not perform its functions. Messenger mRNA, plays a vital role in human biology.
mRNA and Medicine
Drug companies are using mRNA to produce a new class of medicines. They are making use of the fundamental role that mRNA plays in protein synthesis and have developed exclusive technologies and methods to produce mRNA sequences that cells recognize as if they were produced in the body. They focus on diseases that as critical as DNA. Without mRNA, the genetic code would never get used by the body. Proteins would never be made. In addition, the body could not perform its functions. Messenger mRNA, plays a vital role in human biology.

mRNA and Medicine

Drug companies are using mRNA to produce a new class of medicines. They are making use of the fundamental role that mRNA plays in protein synthesis and have developed exclusive technologies and methods to produce mRNA sequences that cells recognize as if they were produced in the body. They focus on diseases that were enabling targeted cells to produce – or turn ‘on’ – one or more given proteins that will enable the body to fight or prevent a given disease.

Here is how this works.

• It begins with the desired sequence for a protein.
• The corresponding mRNA sequence is designed and synthesized. This is the code that will create the protein.
• Before synthesis is commenced, the mRNA sequence to optimize the mRNA’s physical properties is also engineered, as well as those of the encoded protein.
• The mRNA sequence is delivered to the cells responsible for making that protein by way of one of several potential groups of mRNA medicines. Achieving success with different types of cells necessitates different delivery methods.
• Lastly, once the mRNA instructions are in the cell, human biology takes over. Ribosomes examine the code and construct the protein, and the cells express the protein throughout the body.

  

Using mRNA as a drug opens up an advent of opportunities to treat and prevent disease. mRNA medicines have the ability to go inside cells to direct protein production, something that is not probable with other drug approaches giving science the potential to treat or prevent diseases that today are not addressable. Thus potentially improving human health and impacting lives around the world.

Vaccines

How they work

The main goal of a vaccine for a specific infectious agent, such as the virus that causes COVID-19, is to educate the immune system on what that particular virus looks like. Once this is accomplished, the immune system will vehemently attack the real virus, if it ever enters the body.

Viruses comprise a nucleus of genes made of DNA or RNA enclosed in a cover of proteins. To make the cover of protein, the DNA or RNA genes of the virus make messenger RNA (mRNA); the mRNA then makes the proteins. An mRNA of a particular structure makes a protein of a particular structure.

Some traditional vaccines use a weakened virus, while others, like the mRNA vaccine, use just a critical piece of the virus’s protein coat.

Conventional vaccines do work: for instance, polio and measles are just two (2) examples of severe illnesses brought under control by vaccines. As a group, vaccines may have done more good for humanity than any other medical advance in history. However, growing great amounts of a virus, and then weakening the virus or extracting the critical piece, is very time-consuming.

When an individual is contaminated with a germ, whether it is a virus or bacteria, the immune system creates unique proteins, known as antibodies that assist in protecting against future infections from that particular germ by remembering it. The next time the immune system spots that germ, it “remembers” and uses the antibodies to fight off the infection. Some antibodies only last a few months, while others can protect an individual for a lifetime.

So in essence, vaccines create antibodies that allow the body to protect itself from future infections without essentially getting sick.

Previously developed vaccines contained very small amounts of viruses or bacteria that were dead or significantly weakened. They tricked the immune system into thinking that the body was being infected.

How mRNA Vaccines Work

mRNA is a slice of genetic material that cells use as “directions” to create selected proteins in the body. It is like a small piece of computer code. In the case of COVID-19, a piece called the spike protein is the critical piece.

When it is not within a cell, mRNA requires protection to keep it from disintegrating. That is why the vaccines need cold temperature storage. In order to keep the mRNA from disintegrating when it enters the body, the COVID-19 vaccines utilize fat bubbles to shuttle the mRNA to certain cells.

mRNA Vaccines and COVID19

The mRNA directs these cells to produce “spike proteins.” These proteins replicate part of the SARS-CoV-2 (novel coronavirus) cell structure and trick the body into believing it is infected with the virus.

In the case of the mRNA vaccines, the body is never exposed to the germ however; it is still able to produce an effective immune response.

So in essence, mRNA vaccines create antibodies exclusively from the protein coating of the virus instead of using the virus, allowing the body to protect itself from future infections without essentially getting sick.

What is contained in the COVID Vaccines? Like all additional vaccines approved by the FDA, COVID vaccines do not include noxious or dangerous ingredients. This is a common vaccine myth.

The ingredients of the vaccine include safe and harmless pieces (proteins) of the virus that cause COVID-19 and not of the entire germ. When vaccinated, the immune system identifies that the proteins do not belong in the body and begins producing T-lymphocytes and antibodies. If infection occurs in the future, memory cells will recognize and fight the virus.

One of the advantages of using the present COVID vaccines is that they avoid some of the issues some individuals may have with some vaccines. For example, the vaccines are not produced by using egg proteins, so unlike some forms of the flu vaccine, individuals who have an egg allergy can obtain the vaccine.

In addition, human fetal cells are not used during the vaccine development process. This makes the COVID vaccines a suitable alternative for individuals who object to this practice.

Scientists are still carefully examining exactly how long the vaccine’s protection will last. The participants who were part of the COVID-19 vaccine studies have agreed to be monitored for two (2) years to enable researchers to establish exactly how long immunity will last.

Both the Pfizer and Moderna vaccines require two (2) doses to realize immunity. This will ensure that the immune system will create enough antibodies to remember and protect against future COVID infections. Learn more important facts about the COVID vaccine.

It is important to note that since mRNA “instructs” cells to perform certain actions, a number of individuals have expressed apprehension about the vaccine affecting their DNA. This is not the case. mRNA vaccines will by no means interact with the body’s DNA. As a matter of fact, once the cell has finished using the mRNA, the cells break it down and remove it from the body.

mRna technology is truly an advancement in fighting disease and illness. Below is a video further illustrating how these vaccines work.

Questions, comments and concerns are welcomed below.

Good health!!